english grammar

SENTENCES : SIMPLE, COMPOUND, AND COMPLEX Examine the following sentences:- His courage won him honour. The moon was bright and we could see our way. Night came on and rain fell heavily and we all got very wet. They rested when evening came. As the boxers advanced into the ring, the people said they would not allow them to fight. Anil called at 5.30 and I told him that you had gone out. We see that sentence 1 has only one Subject and one Predicate, Such a sentence is called a Simple Sentence. Def: - A Simple sentence is one which has only one Subject and one Predicate. [Or] A simple sentence is one which has only one Subject and one Predicate. Sentence 2 consists of two parts : The moon was bright. We could sec our way. These two parts are joined by the Co-ordinating Conjunction and. Each part contains a Subject and a Predicate of its own. Each part is what we call a Clause. We further notice that each Clause makes good sense

ANALYSIS OF COMPOUND SENTENCES (Clause Analysis) A compound sentence is made up of two or more principal or main clauses joined together by a Co-ordinating conjunction and sometimes includes one or more subordinate clauses. The horse reared and the rider was thrown. [2 main clauses] They were fond of music, played on various kinds of instrument, and indulged in much singing. [3 main clauses] They asked him how he received the wound, but he refused to answer. [2 main clauses + 1 subordinate clause] He says what he means, and he means what he says. [2 main clauses +2 subordinate clauses] It has been already pointed out that the term Double is now used for a sentence which is made up of two main clauses, and the term Multiple for a sentence of more than two main clauses, In accordance with this new terminology, 1, 3, and 4 are Double sentences, and 2 is a Multiple sentence. The connection between two main clauses of a Compound sentence may be one o

ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX SENTENCES (Clause Analysis) Usually when a complex or compound sentence is given for analysing, detailed-analysis is not required; the student is asked to give clause analysis, that is, he is asked to break up a given- sentence into its several clauses and show their relation to one another. In analysing a Complex sentence, the first step is to find out the Principal or Main Clause. The next step is to find out the Subordinate Clause or Clauses, showing the relation which each Clause bears to the Principal Clause. Now study carefully the following example of the analysis of a Complex sentence:-Whenever he heard the question, the old man who lived in that house, answered that the earth is flat. Complex sentence containing three Subordinate clauses: The old man --- answered (Principal clause). Whenever he heard the question. (Adverb clause of time, modifying answered in 1.) Who lived in that house. (Adjective clause, qualifying man in 1.