english grammar

Defination : - An Abstract Noun is usually the name of a quality, action, or state considered apart from the object to which it belongs; as. Quality - Goodness, kindness, whiteness, darkness, hardness, brightness, honesty, wisdom, bravery. Action - Laughter, theft, movement, judgment, hatred. State - Childhood, boyhood, youth, slavery, sleep, sickness, death, poverty. The names of the Arts and Science (e.g., grammar, music, chemistry, etc.) are also Abstract Nouns. [We can speak of a brave soldier, a strong man, a beautiful flower. But we can also think of these qualities apart from any particular person or thing, and speak of bravery, strength, beauty by themselves. So also we can speak of what persons do or feel apart from the persons themselves, and give it a name. The word abstract means drawn off.] Abstract Nouns are formed: (1) From Adjectives; as, Kindness from kind; honesty from honest. [Most abstract nouns are formed thus.] (2) From Verbs:

THE NOUN: CASE The relation in which a noun stands to some other word or the change of form by which this relation is indicated, is called its case. Examine these sentences:- 1. John threw a stone. 2. The horse kicked the boy. In sentence 1, the noun John is the Subject. It is the answer to the question, “Who threw a stone?” The group of words threw a stone is the Predicate. The Predicate contains the verb threw. What did John throw?-A stone. Stone is the object which John threw. The noun stone is therefore called the Object. In sentence 2, the noun horse is the Subject. It is the answer to the question, 'Who kicked the boy?” The noun boy is the Object. It is the answer to the question, 'Whom did the horse kick?” When a noun (or pronoun) is used as the Subject of a verb, it is said to be in the Nominative Case. When a noun (or pronoun) is used as the Object of a verb, it is said to be in the Objective (or Accusative) Case. Note-To find the Nomina

THE NOUN: GENDER  You know that living beings are of either the male or the female sex. Now compare the words in the following pairs: Boy (Lion, Hero, Cock-sparrow) Girl (Lioness, Heroine, Hen-sparrow) What do you notice? The first word of each pair is the name of a male animal. The second word of each pair is the name of a female animal. A noun that denotes a male  is said to be of the Masculine Gender.    Examples:- Boy, Lion, Hero, Boy-friend. A noun that denotes a female is said to be of the Feminine Gender.   Examples:- Girl, Lioness, Heroine, Girl-friend. A noun that denotes either a male or a female is said to be of the Common Gender. As- Parent, child, friend, pupil, servant, thief, relation, enemy, cousin, person, orphan, student, baby, monarch, neighbour, infant. A noun that denotes a thing that is neither male nor female (i.e., thing without life) is said to be of the Neuter Gender.  As- Book, pen, room, tree. It will be thus seen th